Natural Gas Fuel For The 21st Century

Author : Vaclav Smil
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119012864
Total Pages : 263 pages
Book Rating : 4.63/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Natural Gas written by Vaclav Smil and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-09-21 with total page 263 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Natural gas is the world’s cleanest fossil fuel; it generates less air pollution and releases less CO2 per unit of useful energy than liquid fuels or coals. With its vast supplies of conventional resources and nonconventional stores, the extension of long-distance gas pipelines and the recent expansion of liquefied natural gas trade, a truly global market has been created for this clean fuel. Natural Gas: Fuel for the 21st Century discusses the place and prospects of natural gas in modern high-energy societies. Vaclav Smil presents a systematic survey of the qualities, origins, extraction, processing and transportation of natural gas, followed by a detailed appraisal of its many preferred, traditional and potential uses, and the recent emergence of the fuel as a globally traded commodity. The unfolding diversification of sources, particularly hydraulic fracturing, and the role of natural gas in national and global energy transitions are described. The book concludes with a discussion on the advantages, risks, benefits and costs of natural gas as a leading, if not dominant, fuel of the 21st century. This interdisciplinary text will be of interest to a wide readership concerned with global energy affairs including professionals and academics in energy and environmental science, policy makers, consultants and advisors with an interest in the rapidly-changing global energy industry.

Author : Susan L. Sakmar
Publisher : Edward Elgar Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1781005885
Total Pages : 508 pages
Book Rating : 4.80/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Energy for the 21st Century written by Susan L. Sakmar and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2013-04-01 with total page 508 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ÔProfessor SakmarÕs book is a must-read for anyone interested in gaining a better understanding of the most dynamic segment of the global energy industry.Õ Ð Jay Copan, Executive Director, LNG 17 ÔProfessor SakmarÕs book provides a well-rounded overview of the global role that natural gas is expected to play in the future and the important role of LNG as a means of transporting gas to where it is needed. Readers will find the book to be a very convenient compendium of relevant global information and an important educational, informational resource.Õ Ð Ronald D. Ripple, Director, Centre for Research in Energy and Minerals Economics, Curtin University, Australia ÔUnderstanding global energy markets Ð what forces shape them and what trends define them Ð is critical for any professional trying to evaluate new energy developments and technological directions. Susan SakmarÕs impressive ability to provide this context in terms of LNG markets makes her book valuable.Õ Ð Warren R. True, Sr., Chief Technology Editor, Oil & Gas Journal ÔWith clear and direct text, supplemented with key maps, charts and graphics from government, industry and other sources, the book moves the reader smoothly through the early history of LNG up to current developments, including shale gas and North American LNG exports. The book is a valuable resource for anyone interested in understanding global gas markets and the energy policy challenges facing us in the 21st century.Õ Ð Jacqueline L. Weaver, A.A. White Professor of Law, University of Houston Law Center, US Countries around the world are increasingly looking to liquefied natural gas (LNG) Ð natural gas that has been cooled until it forms a transportable liquid Ð to meet growing energy demand. Energy for the 21st Century provides critical insights into the opportunities and challenges LNG faces, including its potential role in a carbon-constrained world. This comprehensive study covers topics such as the LNG value chain, the historical background and evolution of global LNG markets, trading and contracts, and an analysis of the various legal, policy, safety and environmental issues pertaining to this important fuel. Additionally, the author discusses emerging issues and technologies that may impact global LNG markets, such as the development of shale gas, the prospects of North American LNG exports, the potential role of the Gas Exporting Countries Forum and floating LNG. The author contextualizes the discussion about the importance of LNG with an analysis of why the 21st century will be the Ôgolden ageÕ of natural gas. Accessible and non-technical in nature, this timely book will serve as an essential reference for practitioners, scholars and anyone else interested in 21st century energy solutions.

Author : Peter R. Odell
Publisher : multi-science publishing
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 200 pages
Book Rating : 4.40/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Why Carbon Fuels Will Dominate the 21st Century's Global Energy Economy written by Peter R. Odell and published by multi-science publishing. This book was released on 2004 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text provides a survey of the energy resources for the foreseeable future and argues that there is not, nor has there been, a supply crisis. It contends that the current claims of impending disaster are as falsely based as those first made in the 1960s, albeit for different reasons. This book argues that most attempts at reasonable analysis are undermined by the poor quality and confusing nature of much of the statistical data available, much of the confusion deliberately sowed by governments and oil companies to create impressions that best served them at different times. Data is interpreted in a coherent way, concluding that the predicted supply crisis is not going to be a near-term phenomenon.

Author : Charles Blanchard
Publisher : University of Pittsburgh Press
ISBN 13 : 0822987775
Total Pages : 352 pages
Book Rating : 4.72/5 ( download)

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Download or read book The Extraction State written by Charles Blanchard and published by University of Pittsburgh Press. This book was released on 2021-01-12 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The history of the United States of America is also the history of the energy sector. Natural gas provides the fuel that allows us to heat our homes in winter and cool them in summer with the touch of a button or turn of a dial—when the industry runs smoothly. From the oil crisis of the 1970s to the fall of Enron and the California electricity crisis at the turn of the century to contemporary issues of hydraulic fracking, poorly conceived government policies have sometimes left us shivering, stranded, or with significantly lighter wallets. In this expansive narrative, Charles Blanchard traces the rise of natural gas and the regulatory missteps that nearly ruined the market. Beginning in the 1880s, The Extraction State explains how the New Deal regulatory compact came together in the 1920s, even before the Great Depression, and how it fell apart in the 1970s. From there, the book dissects the policies that affect us today, and explores where we might be headed in the near future.

Author : Roy L. Nersesian
Publisher : M.E. Sharpe
ISBN 13 : 0765628201
Total Pages : 417 pages
Book Rating : 4.06/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Energy for the 21st Century written by Roy L. Nersesian and published by M.E. Sharpe. This book was released on 2015-05-18 with total page 417 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A compendium of current knowledge about conventional and alternative sources of energy. It clarifies complex technical issues, enlivens history, and illuminates the policy dilemmas we face today. This revised edition includes new material on biofuels, an expanded section on sustainability and sustainable energy, and updated figures and tables throughout. There are also online instructor materials for those professors who adopt the book for classroom use.

Author : Michael Ratner Et Al
Publisher : Independently Published
ISBN 13 : 9781790724604
Total Pages : 48 pages
Book Rating : 4.00/5 ( download)

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Download or read book 21st Century U. S. Energy Sources written by Michael Ratner Et Al and published by Independently Published. This book was released on 2018-12-04 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the start of the 21st century, the U.S. energy system has seen tremendous changes. Technological advances in energy production have driven changes in energy consumption, and the United States has moved from being a growing net importer of most forms of energy to a declining importer-and possibly a net exporter in the near future. The United States remains the second largest producer and consumer of energy in the world, behind China. The U.S. oil and natural gas industry has gone through a "renaissance" of production. Technological improvements in hydraulic fracturing and horizontal drilling have unlocked enormous oil and natural gas resources from unconventional formations, such as shale. Oil has surpassed levels of production not seen since the 1970s. Natural gas has set new production records almost every year since 2000. In conjunction with the rise in oil and natural gas production, U.S. production of natural gas liquids has also increased. The rise in production of these fuel sources has also corresponded with increased consumption and exports of each. The rise in U.S. oil and natural gas production has taken place mostly onshore and on nonfederal lands. Crude oil production from nonfederal land has doubled over the past decade. While production on federal land has increased, it has not grown as fast as oil production on nonfederal land, causing the federal land share of total U.S. crude oil production to fall from its peak of nearly 36% in 2009 to about 24% in 2017. U.S. natural gas production shifted even more dramatically, with total U.S. dry production growing 33% since 2008, while gross withdrawals on federal lands declined by almost 32% over the same time period. The federal land share of total gross withdrawals decreased from 25% in 2008 to 13% in 2017. The electric power industry is transforming. Growth in demand for electricity has essentially been flat for many years, and the amount of new power generation capacity needed has declined each year in many parts of the country. The projections for future demand growth in most regions of the United States are declining. Natural gas edged out coal to become the primary electric generation fuel in 2016 and the growth in wind and solar energy has shown little sign of abating. The electricity infrastructure of the United States is aging. Uncertainty exists about how to modernize the grid and what technologies and fuels will be used to produce electricity in the future. Unresolved questions about transmission and reliability of the grid are arising due to potential cybersecurity threats and continuing interest in renewable energy and other low carbon sources of electricity. Concerns about reliability and electricity prices are complicated by environmental regulations, the intermittent nature of wind and solar power, and the rising availability of natural gas for electric power production. Renewables production and consumption have increased since 2000. As a source of total primary energy, renewable energy increased 80% between 2000 and 2017. Unlike some other energy commodities (e.g., crude oil), renewable energy is available in a variety of distinct forms that use different conversion technologies to produce usable energy products (e.g., electricity, heat, and liquid fuels). Therefore, it is important to distinguish between renewable fuel sources and uses. The United States has the largest coal resources in the world. Coal is used primarily for electricity generation. Although its prices have stayed low, coal has faced increasing competition from natural gas and renewables. U.S. coal consumption peaked in 2007 and has since declined by 39%. Coal currently supplies approximately 30% of electricity generation. Nuclear-generated electricity output has stayed flat during the same time period, and faces significant challenges as a future source of electric power generation.

Author : Kevin Kendall
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0124104835
Total Pages : 520 pages
Book Rating : 4.39/5 ( download)

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Download or read book High-temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells for the 21st Century written by Kevin Kendall and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2015-11-21 with total page 520 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: High-temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells, Second Edition, explores the growing interest in fuel cells as a sustainable source of energy. The text brings the topic of green energy front and center, illustrating the need for new books that provide comprehensive and practical information on specific types of fuel cells and their applications. This landmark volume on solid oxide fuel cells contains contributions from experts of international repute, and provides a single source of the latest knowledge on this topic. A single source for all the latest information on solid oxide fuel cells and their applications Illustrates the need for new, more comprehensive books and study on the topic Explores the growing interest in fuel cells as viable, sustainable sources of energy

Author : Michael Ratner
Publisher : Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
ISBN 13 : 9781547015856
Total Pages : 42 pages
Book Rating : 4.53/5 ( download)

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Download or read book 21st Century U.s. Energy Sources written by Michael Ratner and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2017-05-29 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the start of the 21st century, the U.S. energy system has seen tremendous changes. Technological advances in energy production have driven changes in energy consumption, and the United States has moved from being a growing net importer of most forms of energy to a declining importer, and possibly a net exporter in the near future. The United States remains the second largest consumer of energy in the world, behind China. The U.S. oil and natural gas industry has gone through a renaissance of production. Technological improvements in hydraulic fracturing and horizontal drilling have unlocked enormous oil and natural gas resources from tight formations, such as shale. Oil has reached a level of production not seen in decades, and is projected to surpass the previous peaks of the early 1970s. Natural gas has set new production records almost every year since 2000. In conjunction with the rise in oil and natural gas production, U.S. production of natural gas liquids has also increased. The rise in production of these fuel sources has also corresponded with increased consumption and exports of each. The rise in U.S. oil and natural gas production has taken place mostly onshore and on nonfederal lands. Nonfederal crude oil production nearly doubled over the past decade. While production on federal land has increased, it has not grown as fast as nonfederal oil production, causing the federal share of total U.S. crude oil production to fall from its peak of nearly 36% in 2009 to about 22% in 2015 (the latest data available). U.S natural gas production shifted even more dramatically, with total U.S. production nearly doubling since 2006, while production on federal lands declined by almost 26% over the same time period. The federal share decreased from 28% in 2006 to 15% in 2015. The electric power industry is in the process of transformation, especially with natural gas becoming the main electric generation fuel in 2016 and the growth in renewable forms of energy. The electricity infrastructure of the United States is aging. Uncertainty exists about how to modernize the grid and what technologies and fuels will be used to produce electricity in the future. Unresolved questions about transmission and reliability of the grid are arising due to potential cybersecurity threats and continuing interest in renewable energy and other low carbon sources of electricity. Concerns about reliability and electricity prices are complicated by environmental regulations and the rising availability of natural gas for electric power production. While renewable energy is currently a relatively small portion of the total U.S. energy sector, renewables production and consumption have increased since the turn of this century. As a source of total primary energy, renewable energy increased 97% between 2001 and 2016. Unlike some other energy commodities (e.g., crude oil), renewable energy is available in a variety of distinct forms that use different conversion technologies to produce usable energy products (e.g., electricity, heat, and liquid fuels). Therefore, it is important to distinguish between renewable fuel sources and uses. The United States has the largest coal resources in the world. Coal is used primarily for electricity generation. Although its prices have stayed low, coal has faced increasing competition from natural gas and renewables. U.S. consumption peaked in 2007 and has since declined by 35%. Meanwhile, nuclear output has stayed flat during the time period, but has faced significant stress as a future source of electric power generation.

Author : Saeid Mokhatab
Publisher : Gulf Professional Publishing
ISBN 13 : 0124046452
Total Pages : 624 pages
Book Rating : 4.50/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Handbook of Liquefied Natural Gas written by Saeid Mokhatab and published by Gulf Professional Publishing. This book was released on 2013-10-15 with total page 624 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is a commercially attractive phase of the commodity that facilitates the efficient handling and transportation of natural gas around the world. The LNG industry, using technologies proven over decades of development, continues to expand its markets, diversify its supply chains and increase its share of the global natural gas trade. The Handbook of Liquefied Natural Gas is a timely book as the industry is currently developing new large sources of supply and the technologies have evolved in recent years to enable offshore infrastructure to develop and handle resources in more remote and harsher environments. It is the only book of its kind, covering the many aspects of the LNG supply chain from liquefaction to regasification by addressing the LNG industries’ fundamentals and markets, as well as detailed engineering and design principles. A unique, well-documented, and forward-thinking work, this reference book provides an ideal platform for scientists, engineers, and other professionals involved in the LNG industry to gain a better understanding of the key basic and advanced topics relevant to LNG projects in operation and/or in planning and development. Highlights the developments in the natural gas liquefaction industries and the challenges in meeting environmental regulations Provides guidelines in utilizing the full potential of LNG assets Offers advices on LNG plant design and operation based on proven practices and design experience Emphasizes technology selection and innovation with focus on a “fit-for-purpose design Updates code and regulation, safety, and security requirements for LNG applications

Author : Massimiliano Materazzi
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0128156449
Total Pages : 538 pages
Book Rating : 4.45/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Substitute Natural Gas from Waste written by Massimiliano Materazzi and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2019-05-01 with total page 538 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Substitute Natural Gas from Waste: Technical Assessment and Industrial Applications of Biochemical and Thermochemical Processes provides an overview of the science and technology of anaerobic digestion and thermal gasification for the treatment of biomass and unrecyclable waste residues. The book provides both the theoretical and practical basis for the clean and high-efficiency utilization of waste and biomass to produce Bio-Substitute Natural Gas (SNG). It examines different routes to produce bio-SNG from waste feedstocks, detailing solutions to unique problems, such as scale up issues and process integration. Final sections review waste sourcing and processing. This book is an ideal and practical reference for those developing, designing, scaling and managing bio-SNG production and utilization systems. Engineering students will find this to be a comprehensive resource on the application of fundamental concepts of bio-SNG production that are illustrated through innovative, recent case studies. Presents detailed scientific and technical information Describes up-to-date concepts, processes and plants for efficient anaerobic digestion and gasification of wastes and syngas utilization Compares gasification with anaerobic digestion for different situations Proposes alternative strategies to increase efficiency and overcome energy balance limitations Includes benchmarking data and industrial real-life examples to demonstrate the main process features and implementation pathways of bio-SNG systems from dry and wet waste, both in developed and developing countries