Objectivity

Author : Lorraine Daston
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 1942130619
Total Pages : 345 pages
Book Rating : 4.11/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Objectivity written by Lorraine Daston and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2021-02-02 with total page 345 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Objectivity has a history, and it is full of surprises. In Objectivity, Lorraine Daston and Peter Galison chart the emergence of objectivity in the mid-nineteenth-century sciences — and show how the concept differs from alternatives, truth-to-nature and trained judgment. This is a story of lofty epistemic ideals fused with workaday practices in the making of scientific images. From the eighteenth through the early twenty-first centuries, the images that reveal the deepest commitments of the empirical sciences — from anatomy to crystallography — are those featured in scientific atlases: the compendia that teach practitioners of a discipline what is worth looking at and how to look at it. Atlas images define the working objects of the sciences of the eye: snowflakes, galaxies, skeletons, even elementary particles. Galison and Daston use atlas images to uncover a hidden history of scientific objectivity and its rivals. Whether an atlas maker idealizes an image to capture the essentials in the name of truth-to-nature or refuses to erase even the most incidental detail in the name of objectivity or highlights patterns in the name of trained judgment is a decision enforced by an ethos as well as by an epistemology. As Daston and Galison argue, atlases shape the subjects as well as the objects of science. To pursue objectivity — or truth-to-nature or trained judgment — is simultaneously to cultivate a distinctive scientific self wherein knowing and knower converge. Moreover, the very point at which they visibly converge is in the very act of seeing not as a separate individual but as a member of a particular scientific community. Embedded in the atlas image, therefore, are the traces of consequential choices about knowledge, persona, and collective sight. Objectivity is a book addressed to any one interested in the elusive and crucial notion of objectivity — and in what it means to peer into the world scientifically.

Author : David Usborne
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780500515013
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.18/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Objectivity written by David Usborne and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This miscellany of mysterious objects celebrates the beauty of simple, useful things. If you have ever thatched a roof, measured a skull, stuffed a rabbit or walked on a whale, you may well recognize some of these tools. If you haven't, but admire the work of, say, Miró, Duchamp and Cornell, you will appreciate these accidental masterpieces of the everyday. These are the tools of life, some developed according to our basic human needs, some for less obvious ends, still others from vanishing trades, yet all display a beauty and meaning beyond their function. There is something in these objects that will touch the designer, artist, inventor or collector in us all.

Author : Charles Coulston Gillispie
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 0691023506
Total Pages : 591 pages
Book Rating : 4.02/5 ( download)

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Download or read book The Edge of Objectivity written by Charles Coulston Gillispie and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 1960 with total page 591 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Full circle -- Art, life, and experiment -- The new philosophy -- Newton with his prism and silent face -- Science and the Enlightenment -- The rationalization of matter -- The history of nature -- Biology comes of age -- Early energetics -- Field physics -- Epilogue.

Author : Peter Machamer
Publisher : University of Pittsburgh Pre
ISBN 13 : 0822970864
Total Pages : 327 pages
Book Rating : 4.66/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Science, Values, and Objectivity written by Peter Machamer and published by University of Pittsburgh Pre. This book was released on 2004 with total page 327 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Collection of essays that identify the values crucial to science, distinguish some of the criteria that can be used for value identification, and elaborate the conditions for warranting certain values as necessary or central to scientific research.

Author : Allan Megill
Publisher : Duke University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780822314943
Total Pages : 356 pages
Book Rating : 4.40/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Rethinking Objectivity written by Allan Megill and published by Duke University Press. This book was released on 1994 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although "objectivity" is a term used widely in many areas of public discourse, from discussions concerning the media and politics to debates over political correctness and cultural literacy, the question "What is objectivity?" is often ignored, as if the answer were obvious. In this volume, Allan Megill has gathered essays from fourteen leading scholars in a variety of fields--history, anthropology, philosophy, psychology, history of science, sociology of science, feminist studies, literary studies, and accounting--to gain critical understanding of the idea of objectivity as it functions in today's world. In diverse essays the authors provide fascinating studies of objectivity in such areas as anthropological research, corporate and governmental bureaucracies, legal discourse, photography, and the study and practice of the natural sciences. Taken together, Megill argues, this volume calls for developing a notion of "objectivities." The absolute sense of objectivity--that is, objectivity as a "God's eye view"--must be supplemented, and in part supplanted, by disciplinary, procedural, and dialectical senses of objectivity. This book will be of great interest to a broad range of scholars as it presents current thinking on a topic of fundamental concern across the disciplines in the humanities and social sciences. Contributors. Barry Barnes, Dagmar Barnouw, Lorraine Code, Lorraine Daston, Johannes Fabian, Kenneth J. Gergen, Mary E. Hawkesworth, Barbara Herrnstein Smith, Evelyn Fox Keller, George Levine, Allan Megill, Peter Miller, Andy Pickering, Theodore M. Porter

Author : Tyler Burge
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0199581401
Total Pages : 645 pages
Book Rating : 4.05/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Origins of Objectivity written by Tyler Burge and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2010-03-04 with total page 645 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tyler Burge's study investigates the most primitive ways in which individuals represent the physical world. By reflecting on the science of perception and related psychological and biological sciences, Burge outlines the constitutive conditions for perceiving the physical world, thus locating the origins of representational mind.

Author : Lewis Raven Wallace
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 0226826589
Total Pages : 246 pages
Book Rating : 4.85/5 ( download)

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Download or read book The View from Somewhere written by Lewis Raven Wallace and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2023-03-22 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A look at the history of the idea of the objective journalist and how this very ideal can often be used to undercut itself. In The View from Somewhere, Lewis Raven Wallace dives deep into the history of “objectivity” in journalism and how its been used to gatekeep and silence marginalized writers as far back as Ida B. Wells. At its core, this is a book about fierce journalists who have pursued truth and transparency and sometimes been punished for it—not just by tyrannical governments but by journalistic institutions themselves. He highlights the stories of journalists who question “objectivity” with sensitivity and passion: Desmond Cole of the Toronto Star; New York Times reporter Linda Greenhouse; Pulitzer Prize-winner Rachel Kaadzi Ghansah; Peabody-winning podcaster John Biewen; Guardian correspondent Gary Younge; former Buzzfeed reporter Meredith Talusan; and many others. Wallace also shares his own experiences as a midwestern transgender journalist and activist who was fired from his job as a national reporter for public radio for speaking out against “objectivity” in coverage of Trump and white supremacy. With insightful steps through history, Wallace stresses that journalists have never been mere passive observers. Using historical and contemporary examples—from lynching in the nineteenth century to transgender issues in the twenty-first—Wallace offers a definitive critique of “objectivity” as a catchall for accurate journalism. He calls for the dismissal of this damaging mythology in order to confront the realities of institutional power, racism, and other forms of oppression and exploitation in the news industry. The View from Somewhere is a compelling rallying cry against journalist neutrality and for the validity of news told from distinctly subjective voices.

Author : Crispin Wright
Publisher : Harvard University Press
ISBN 13 : 0674045386
Total Pages : 263 pages
Book Rating : 4.85/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Truth and Objectivity written by Crispin Wright and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2009-07-01 with total page 263 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Crispin Wright offers an original perspective on the place of “realism” in philosophical inquiry. He proposes a radically new framework for discussing the claims of the realists and the anti-realists. This framework rejects the classical “deflationary” conception of truth yet allows both disputants to respect the intuition that judgments, whose status they contest, are at least semantically fitted for truth and may often justifiably be regarded as true. In the course of his argument, Wright offers original critical discussions of many central concerns of philosophers interested in realism, including the “deflationary” conception of truth, internal realist truth, scientific realism and the theoreticity of observation, and the role of moral states of affairs in explanations of moral beliefs.

Author : David T.Z. Mindich
Publisher : NYU Press
ISBN 13 : 0814764150
Total Pages : 313 pages
Book Rating : 4.52/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Just the Facts written by David T.Z. Mindich and published by NYU Press. This book was released on 1998-11-01 with total page 313 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Draws a history of journalism's most respected tenet—objectivity If American journalism were a religion, as it has been called, then its supreme deity would be "objectivity." The high priests of the profession worship the concept, while the iconoclasts of advocacy journalism, new journalism, and cyberjournalism consider objectivity a golden calf. Meanwhile, a groundswell of tabloids and talk shows and the increasing infringement of market concerns make a renewed discussion of the validity, possibility, and aim of objectivity a crucial pursuit. Despite its position as the orbital sun of journalistic ethics, objectivity—until now—has had no historian. David T. Z. Mindich reaches back to the nineteenth century to recover the lost history and meaning of this central tenet of American journalism. His book draws on high profile cases, showing the degree to which journalism and its evolving commitment to objectivity altered–and in some cases limited—the public's understanding of events and issues. Mindich devotes each chapter to a particular component of this ethic–detachment, nonpartisanship, the inverted pyramid style, facticity, and balance. Through this combination of history and cultural criticism, Mindich provides a profound meditation on the structure, promise, and limits of objectivity in the age of cybermedia.

Author : Kent Greenawalt
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0195356926
Total Pages : 301 pages
Book Rating : 4.22/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Law and Objectivity written by Kent Greenawalt and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 1995-06-29 with total page 301 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In modern times the idea of the objectivity of law has been undermined by skepticism about legal institutions, disbelief in ideals of unbiased evaluation, and a conviction that language is indeterminate. Greenawalt here considers the validity of such skepticism, examining such questions as: whether the law as it exists provides determinate answers to legal problems; whether the law should treat people in an "objective way," according to abstract rules, general categories, and external consequences; and how far the law is anchored in something external to itself, such as social morality, political justice, or economic efficiency. In the process he illuminates the development of jurisprudence in the English-speaking world over the last fifty years, assessing the contributions of many important movements.